Central Dogma in Biology?

bankai93

Hey, I have study sheet/assignment and their are a couple questions I am confused about.

First I just want to make sure that I am right on the ones that I answered.

DNA Replication - Template is read 3'-5', made 5'-3', occurs in the nucleus and interphase, catalyzed by DNA polymerase.

RNA Transcription - Template is read 5'-3', made 5'-3', occurs in the nucleus and interphase, catalyzed by RNA polymerase.

Protein Translation - Template is read 5'-3', made 5'-3', occurs in the cytoplasm and interphase, catalyzed by ribosomes?

Now for all three I am not sure what the answers to the following are.

What sequence initiates it?

What ELSE binds this sequence in addition to the catalyst?

Please, any help would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you!!!

gardenia

DNA replication - correct

RNA transcription - everything is correct except that the DNA template is actually read in the 3'-5' direction (just as in DNA replication); therefore, RNA transcript is built in the 5'-3' direction.

Protein translation - mRNA is read 5'-3', new protein is built from its amino end (N-terminus) toward its carboxyl end (C-terminus), occurs in the cytoplasm and interphase. Translation is facilitated (or catalyzed) by ribosomes and tRNA.

For the additional questions:

DNA replication - Replication is initiated at the replication origin; the sequence of events that initiate it are:

1) Helicase (an enzyme) pulls apart the two DNA strands.

2) Single-strand binding protein binds to each strand to stabilize it and keep from re-binding to the other strand.

3) RNA primase builds a short RNA chain (called a primer) complementary to the DNA strand (which runs in the 3'-5' direction). Then, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the primer to extend the chain.

So, in addition to DNA plymerase, the following molecules are needed: Helicase, single-strand binding protein, and primase.

RNA transcription - Transcription starts at the promoter (which dictates the starting point and the DNA strand that will be used as the template for the transcription). Then, RNA polymerase starts synthesizing RNA chain complementary to the template DNA.

So, besides the RNA polymerase, the promoter binds this sequence.

Protein translation - this sequence is initiated when tRNA reads an mRNA and transfers the correct amino acids (with the helps of enzymes called tRNA synthetases) to ribosomes to form a polypeptide.

So, in addition to ribosomes, tRNA and tRNA synthetases bind this sequence.

I am not sure how detailed your answers must be, but I hope my answer helps you a little

susanna

I am in a genetics path, and the imperative dogma now we have mentioned is the transcription of DNA to RNA, and translation of RNA to Protein. I'd just talk about how the relevant dogma includes DNA, RNA and Proteins, with a purpose to make up the specific genotype;however, the phenotype can fluctuate rather in genotypes. (Aa vs. AA) -hope this helps